Cultural Resources Monitoring and Data Recovery Plan for Slope Failure Area, Crown Point Campground, Crown Point, New York - B. R. Dale; A. Gore (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Monitoring and Data Recovery Plan for Slope Failure Repair in a portion of The Crown Point Historic Site and Grenediers' Redoubt Site, DEC Campground, Town of Crown Point, Essex County, New York - B. R. Dale; A. Gore (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Screening Report for 0754.53.321, Hamlets of Calverton and Jamesport, Town of Riverhead, Suffolk County, New York - B. R. Dale; D. E. Mazeau (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Hudson River Fisheries: Once Robust, Now Reduced - R. A. Daniels; Schmidt, R. E.; Limburg, K. E. (Environmental History of the Hudson River: Human Uses that Changed the Ecology, Ecology that Changed Human Uses, 2011)
Keywords: biology history

Legacy of New York State's Watershed Surveys, 1926-1939 - R. A. Daniels (Fisheries, 2011)
On 16 June 1926, A. L. Hazzard was casting flies into Dyke Creek, upper Genessee River, and reeled in two common shiners. That was the beginning of the watershed surveys of New York, which involved scores of individuals and stretched over 15 years. The state legislature authorized surveys of the aquatic life in streams and lakes with a $15,000 appropriation “to determine the most practical methods of increasing fish production.” Under the leadership and insight of Emmeline Moore, the surveys accomplished this mission by providing a basis for assessing the need and appropriateness of what previously had been a general stocking program. Groundwork for the surveys began under John Titcomb, and his writings and management activities influenced Dr. Moore. Her approach led to more than a refinement of stocking policy; she and her staff recognized the importance of assessing watersheds as systems and that policies affecting game fish required information on more than just the game fish. Staff conducted synoptic surveys of biota, assessed chemistry and hydrology, and paid particular attention to pollutants. The importance of vouchering specimens was recognized, and the surveys provided a steady stream of specimens that were used in several taxonomic studies. Finally, Titcomb and Moore recognized that in order to affect change in stocking policy, states needed well-trained biologists knowledgeable in all aspects of freshwater ecology. So, the surveys became the training school for a suite of biologists that dominated fisheries science in universities and in management agencies in the mid- and late 20th century. Perhaps the most important legacy of these surveys is not the reports, illustrations, specimens, or input from the well-trained fisheries scientists; it is a way of thinking about aquatic resources and the role of the manager in developing them
Keywords: Aquatic resources; Fisheries; New York; Watershed surveys

Status of Fishes in Selected Adirondack Lakes: Eight Decades of Changing Assemblage Composition - R. A. Daniels; Bombard, R. T.; Sutherland, J. W.; C. W. Boylen (The Open Fish Science Journal, 2011)
Twenty-six taxa of fish were present in eighteen lakes in the southwestern quadrant of the Adirondack Park, Herkimer and Hamilton Counties, New York. Species richness in the lakes ranged from 1 to 18 species. Here we assess the condition and composition of the fish assemblages in lakes and compare in-lake changes in species composition over an 80-yr period. To examine assemblage condition we estimated population size of species in the lakes using mark-and-recapture techniques. To examine change in composition we compared the assemblage structure of these lakes to that present in two previous surveys. Populations of all but the rarest species comprised several size classes, indicating successful recruitment for all common species in all lakes. Most lakes support a rich, viable assemblage, although all but one includes, and many are dominated by, exotic species. Although the lakes studied are in one ecoregion and often in the same subdrainage, species composition differed among lakes and composition and abundance differed within lakes over time. Assessments of the fish assemblage composition in these lakes, when compared over time showed marked differences. These differences might be the result of several factors, but the presence of exotic taxa and extirpation of native fishes can explain gross changes in fish assemblage composition in these Adirondack lakes.
Keywords: Adirondack Park lakes; fish assemblages; Species richness

Cultural Resouces Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3806.39.121, ADA Sidewalk Project, Village of Weedsport, Cayuga County, New York - R. Dean; V. A. Schmitt (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Using Replication-Related Techniques to Examine the Significance of Fabrics in Mississippian Society - P. B. Drooker (Ethnoarchaeology, 2011)
Fabrics and other fiber perishables only rarely survive in the archaeological record. To supplement analysis of physical remains, archaeologists have found that replication and related techniques can be useful in many ways. This paper focuses on the role of smaller-scale studies in investigating hypotheses about the significance of fabrics in southeastern North America between about 1000 and 400 years ago, as well as noting ways in which replication-related studies might provide additional useful information in proving or disproving particular hypotheses. As one case study, I discuss how replication-related techniques assisted me in learning more about fabrics made and used around 700 years ago in a particular Mississippian village, including something of their social and economic significance, as well as what sorts of useful information about Mississippian fabrics might be derived through additional work along these lines. Replication-related experimentation can provide important information about the time and skill required to produce particular fabrics, and thus about the socioeconomic significance of such materials and their production within a particular community. To avoid misleading results, however, large-scale projects and multiple experiments are recommended.
Keywords: Mississippian societies; replication stidues; southeastern North America; Textiles

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7720.84.111, County Route 24, Town of Chazy, Clinton County, New York - Dubuque, J.; A. Gore; M.S. LoRusso (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1805.81.101, NYSDOT/Contractor NY Field Office, Town of Crown Point, Essex County, New York - Dubuque, J.; A. Gore (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Collaborative Museum Ethnography - Duggan, B. J. (Practicing Anthropology, 2011)
Keywords: anthropology

Introducing Partnered Collaboration into a Native American Gallery Renewal Project in a State Museum - Duggan, B. J. (Practicing Anthropology, 2011)
It is August 2007, and I am sitting a few rows up and to the side in a partially darkened auditorium, looking down on a rectangle of folding tables. Beside and behind me are perhaps a hundred museum staff members. Around the tables, men and women in business attire gather, arranging folders, notepads, and laptops. Two fiddle with the PowerPoint projector, while others wait, sitting quietly, or whispering to a neighbor. The meeting is called to order, introductions made, the printed agenda handed around, and protocols for commenting are laid out. With the two teams now facing each other, presentations by the contracted design firm begin, with points raised by and clarified for the museum team in between. Today's presentations explain the firm's general design plans, their own team leaders' duties and deadlines for exhibit content development and design production, and preparatory assignments and deadlines for Museum staff in its anthropology and history sections for their respective content development deadlines.
Keywords: Exhibition development; Native American; Partnered collaboration

Introduction: Collaborative Ethnography and the Changing Worlds of Museums - Duggan, B. J. (Practicing Anthropology, 2011)
Collaboration with indigenous peoples has been a hallmark of ethnology since the mid-19th century, and throughout the 20th century numerous anthropologists acknowledged indigenous and local cultural specialists as co-producers of project results and knowledge. In recent decades, converging and co-mingling influences from inside and outside of anthropology - including action anthropology, community heritage studies, and passage of the Native American Graves, Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) - have led increasingly to wide-ranging kinds of consultations and partnered collaborative and participatory projects being conducted within or from museums.
Keywords: Museums; Participatory projects; Partnered collaborations

Global Problems., Global Research - R. S. Feranec (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2011)
Keywords: biology paleontology

The Sporormiella proxy and End-Pleistocene Megafaunal Extinction: A Perspective - R. S. Feranec; N. G. Miller; J. C. Lothrop; Graham, R. W. (Quaternary International, 2011)
Counts of dispersed spores of the pyrenomycete dung-fungus Sporormiella have recently gained prominence as a technique to examine the end-Pleistocene mass extinction. Early investigations were able to identify Sporormiella occurrence on the dung of extinct species, including squirrel and mammoth. These early studies also noted an important trend in Sporormiella abundance over time in North America, such that spore abundances were high during the late Pleistocene, low for most of the Holocene, and again prominent with the introduction of large grazing animals by early explorers. In more recent studies, changes in the abundance of spores of this fungus in sediments have been used as a proxy to define megafaunal population presence, decline, and extinction during the late Pleistocene, and a number of sites in the northeastern USA show a similar pattern of Sporormiella abundance over time. It is our opinion that some critical taxonomic and taphonomic investigations have not been completed for Sporormiella, and because of this, there are complications in interpreting the Sporormiella spore abundance data. We constructively evaluate this analytical technique and propose supporting studies that could enhance its potential as an indicator of megaherbivore extinction and its use as a proxy for the end-Pleistocene extinction.
Keywords: end-Pleistocene extinction; Pleistocene megafauna; Sporormiella

Cultural Resources Monitoring Report for Boring at Lighthouse Point, Ogdensburgh, New York - A. Gore (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for Mecham Lake Campground, Water and Electrical System Improvements, Town of Duane, Franklin County, New York - A. Gore (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7004.06.121, NY 37B, Massena, St. Lawrence County, New York - A. Gore (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7088.34.121, NY Route 58/William Street over Oswegatchie River, BIN 1027490, Village of Gouverneur, St. Lawrence County, New York. - A. Gore; V. A. Schmitt (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

State Route 372 Bridge over Battenkill, HAER Report, Greenwich, New York. - A. Gore (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Additional Evidence for cal. Seventh-Century A.D. Maize Consumption at the Kipp Island Site, New York - J. P. Hart; L. M. Anderson; R. S. Feranec (Current Research in New York State Archaeology: A.D. 700-1300, 2011)
The histories of maize in New York have changed radically over the past decade based on the recovery of phytolith assemblages from directly AMS-dated charred cooking residues adhering to the interior surfaces of pottery sherds. We now know that maize was being used as early as ca. cal 300 B.C. at the Vinette site in the Finger Lakes region. Maize phytoliths have also been found in cooking resides dating to ca. cal. A.D. 650 from the Kipp Island site. Here we present additional evidence for maize use at this time through the analysis of human teeth from a cemetery at the site that Ritchie originally dated to ca. A.D. 1000, but that now appears to date primarily to ca. cal. A.D. 650. Dental caries rates and stable carbon isotopes both indicate maize consumption at this time.
Keywords: Kipp Island; maize; New York; Zea mays ssp. mays.

The Death of Owasco--Redux - J. P. Hart (Current Research in New York State Archaeology: A.D. 700-1300, 2011)
Owasco is a culture-historic taxon originally defined by Arthur C. Parker and later refined by William A. Ritchie in the first half of the twentieth century. This taxon was at the heart of a debate on northern Iroquoian origins in the 1990s and early 2000s. In a 2003 article Brumbach and I announced “The Death of Owasco” based on an analysis of the histories of the traits used to establish the boundary between Owasco culture and the earlier Point Peninsula culture. Here I review the research on these traits since that publication that indicate an even more extended and complex set of independent histories. I reiterate the need for archaeologists to move away from culture-historic taxa as units of analysis, interpretation, and summary.
Keywords: archaeological systmatics; New York; Owasco

The Immeasurable Value of Grants - J. P. Hart (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2011)
Keywords: anthropology biology geology history paleontology

Review of The Headpots of Northeast Arkansas and Southern Pemiscot County, Missouri by James F. Cherry - J. P. Hart (Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology, 2011)
Keywords: Archaeology; Head pots; Mississippian; Native American art

Teosinte Inflorescence Phytolith Assemblages Mirror Zea Taxonomy - J. P. Hart; Matson, R. G.; Thompson, R. G.; Blake, M. (PLoS ONE, 2011)
Molecular DNA analyses of the New World grass (Poaceae) genus Zea, comprising five species, has resolved taxonomic issues including the most likely teosinte progenitor (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis) of maize (Zea mays ssp. mays). However, archaeologically, little is known about the use of teosinte by humans both prior to and after the domestication of maize. One potential line of evidence to explore these relationships is opaline phytoliths produced in teosinte fruit cases. Here we use multidimensional scaling and multiple discriminant analyses to determine if rondel phytolith assemblages from teosinte fruitcases reflect teosinte taxonomy. Our results indicate that rondel phytolith assemblages from the various taxa, including subspecies, can be statistically discriminated. This indicates that it will be possible to investigate the archaeological histories of teosinte use pending the recovery of appropriate samples.
Keywords: maize; phytoliths; taxonomy; teosinte; Zea mays ssp. mays; Zea mays ssp. parviglumis

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1807.07.101, Intersection Improvements, Pangburn Road at Route 7, Town of Princetown, Schenectady County, New York - S. Higgins; M.S. LoRusso (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for the Bronx River Parkway, Bronx, New York - S. Higgins (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources End of Field Report for the South Parcel of West Brook Conservation Initiative Project in the Village of Lake George, Warren County, New York. - S. Higgins (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Emergence Time and Foraging Activity in Pallas' Mastiff Bat, Molossus molossus (Chiroptera: Molossidae) in Relation to Sunset/Sunrise and Phase of the Moon - Holland, R. A.; Meyer, C. F. J.; Kalko, E. K. V.; R. W. Kays; M. Wikelski (Acta Chiropterologica, 2011)
Keywords: biology

Camera Traps as Sensor Networks for Monitoring Animal Communities - R. W. Kays; Tilak, S.; Kranstauber, B.; Jansen, P. A.; Carbon, C.; Rowcliffe, M.; Fountain, C.; Eggert, J.; He, Z. (International Journal of Research and Reviews in Wireless Sensor Networks, 2011)
Keywords: biology

The Effect of Feeding Time on Dispersal of Virola Seeds by Toucans Determined from GPS Tracking and Accelerometers - R. W. Kays; Jansen, P. A.; Knecht, E. M. H.; Vohwinkel, R.; M. Wikelski (Acta Oecologica, 2011)
Keywords: biology

Flower Powered - R. W. Kays (BBC Wildlife, 2011)
Keywords: biology

Tracking Animal Location and Activity with an Automated Radio Telemetry System in a Tropical Rainforest - R. W. Kays; Tilak, S.; M. C. Crofoot; Fountain, T.; Obando, D.; Ortega, A.; Kuemmeth, F.; Mandel, J.; Swenson, G.; Lambert, T.; Hirsch, B.; M. Wikelski (The Computer Journal, 2011)
How do animals use their habitat? Where do they go and what do they do? These basic questions are key not only to understanding a species’ ecology and evolution, but also for addressing many of the environmental challenges we currently face, including problems posed by invasive species, the spread of zoonotic diseases and declines in wildlife populations due to anthropogenic climate and land-use changes. Monitoring the movements and activities of wild animals can be difficult, especially when the species in question are small, cryptic or move over large areas. In this paper, we describe an Automated Radio-Telemetry System (ARTS) that we designed and built on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama to overcome these challenges. We describe the hardware and software we used to implement the ARTS, and discuss the scientific successes we have had using the system, as well as the logistical challenges we faced in maintaining the system in real-world, rainforest conditions. The ARTS uses automated radio-telemetry receivers mounted on 40-m towers topped with arrays of directional antennas to track the activity and location of radio-collared study animals, 24 h a day, 7 days a week. These receiving units are connected by a wireless network to a server housed in the laboratory on BCI, making these data available in real time to researchers via a web-accessible database. As long as study animals are within the range of the towers, the ARTS system collects data more frequently than typical animal-borne global positioning system collars (∼12 locations/h) with lower accuracy (approximately 50 m) but at much reduced cost per tag (∼10X less expensive). The geographic range of ARTS, like all VHF telemetry, is affected by the size of the radio-tag as well as its position in the forest (e.g. tags in the canopy transmit farther than those on the forest floor). We present a model of signal propagation based on landscape conditions, which quantifies these effects and identifies sources of interference, including weather events and human activity. ARTS has been used to track 374 individual animals from 38 species, including 17 mammal species, 12 birds, 7 reptiles or amphibians, as well as two species of plant seeds. These data elucidate the spatio-temporal dynamics of animal activity and movement at the site and have produced numerous peer-reviewed publications, student theses, magazine articles, educational programs and film documentaries. These data are also relevant to long-term population monitoring and conservation plans. Both the successes and the failures of the ARTS system are applicable to broader sensor network applications and are valuable for advancing sensor network research.
Keywords: animal tracking; environmental; observing systems; sensor networks

Using Stable Carbon Isotopes to Distinguish Wild from Captive Wolves - R. W. Kays; R. S. Feranec (Northeast Naturalist, 2011)
Morphological and genetic techniques for distinguishing captive vs. wild stock are often insufficient. We found differences in carbon isotope values from Canis latrans (Coyote) and Canis lupus (Wolf) eating wild vs. domestic diets. Wild canids in the Northeast have lower δ13C values because they eat prey that mainly feed on C3 plants. However, canids eating typical domestic diets have more positive δ13C values (≈+6‰) because of the Zea mays (Corn; a C4 plant) fed to domestic stock and used in dog foods. We applied this technique to hair and bone samples from eight Wolves in the northeastern USA, where no natural Wolf populations are known. Three Wolves had strongly negative δ13C values, typical of a wild-food diet, while the other five Wolves had more positive values typical of captive animals. As expected, we found no significant difference in ι15N isotope values between captive and wild animals. This new evidence suggests that, while some Wolves are escaping from captivity, at least three animals have apparently dispersed into the area. This finding adds new urgency to the preparation of conservation plans for the potential natural recovery of this endangered species in the region.
Keywords: Canis latrans; Canis lupus; domesticated wolves; δ13C values

Mineral Industry of New York State 2007-2010 - W. M. Kelly (New York State Museum Record, 2011)
Keywords: geology

Stable Isotope Analysis of Fall Migration Stopover by Six Passerine Species in an Inland Pitch Pine-Scrub Oak Barren - J. J. Kirchman; Ralston, J.; Gifford, N. A. (The Wilson Journal of Ornithology, 2011)
We conducted mist-net surveys of migrating songbirds during fall migration 2007–2009 on the 1,300-ha Albany Pine Bush Preserve (APBP), a fire-managed inland pitch pine–scrub oak (Pinus rigida–Quercus spp.) barren in east-central New York. We banded 244 migrating passerines from 32 non-resident species in 8,610 net/m/hr documenting use of northeastern pine barrens as stopover sites for passerines with diverse breeding ecologies. We estimated the breeding site origin of six species (a kinglet, four warblers, and a sparrow) using stable hydrogen isotope measurements from flight feathers. There was a broad range of isotope ratios within each species indicating a large catchment area extending several hundred kilometers north and west of the stopover site. Over half the birds originated >750 km from the APBP. We found no evidence for geographical structure of the timing of migration through APBP; slopes of regression lines for capture date versus hydrogen isotope ratio from feathers (δDf) were not statistically different from zero. This contrasts with previous isotope research that reports both leapfrog and chain migration patterns by different warbler species at stopover sites in the western United States.
Keywords: Albany Pine Bush; migrating songbirds; migration patterns; stable hydrogen isotope

Surficial Geology of the Montezuma Quadrangle, New York - A. L. Kozlowski; B. Bird (Map and Chart Series, 2011)

Surficial Geology of the Savannah Quadrangle, New York - A. L. Kozlowski; B. Bird (Map and Chart Series, 2011)

Surficial Geology of the Unionville Quadrangle, New York - A. L. Kozlowski; B. Bird (Map & Chart Series 75, 2011)

The Movebank Data Model for Animal Tracking - Kranstauber, B.; Cameron, A.; Weinzerl, R.; Fountain, T.; Tilak, A.; M. Wikelski; R. W. Kays (Environmental Modelling & Software, 2011)
Studies of animal movement are rapidly increasing as tracking technologies make it possible to collect more data of a larger variety of species. Comparisons of animal movement across sites, times, or species are key to asking questions about animal adaptation, responses to climate and land-use change. Thus, great gains can be made by sharing and exchanging animal tracking data. Here we present an animal movement data model that we use within the Movebank web application to describe tracked animals. The model facilitates data comparisons across a broad range of taxa, study designs, and technologies, and is based on the scientific questions that could be addressed with the data.
Keywords: Animal movement; Argos; Data model; GPS; Tracking; VHF Telemetry

Start Your Own Religion: New York State’s Acid Churches - Lander, D. R. (Nova Religio, 2011)

The Lawsonian Stage - the Eoconodontus Notchpeakensis FAD and HERB Carbon Isotope Excursion Define a Globally Correlatable Terminal Cambrian Stage - E. Landing; Westrop, S. R.; Adrian, J. M. (Bulletin of Geosciences, 2011)
The best definition for the base of the terminal Cambrian (Stage 10) is the conodont Eoconodontus notchpeakensis FAD ± onset of the HERB carbon isotope excursion. These horizons allow precise intercontinental correlations in deep marine to peritidal facies. The agnostoid Lotagnostus americanus (Billings, 1860) FAD has been suggested as a Stage 10 base, but restudy of types and typotypes shows that the species occurs only in Late Cambrian (Sunwaptan) debris flow boulders in Quebec (Westrop et al., this volume). Non-Quebec reports of "L. americanus" are an amalgum of small samples of often poorly documented specimens with effaced–highly furrowed cephala and pygidia and with or without a highly trisected pygidial posteroaxis. Many of these occurrences have local species names, but no evidence suggests that they record intraspecific variation of a globally distributed taxon. They are not synonyms of L. americanus. Lotagnostus, largely a dysoxic form, does not allow precise correlation into oxygenated platform facies. Another proposal used the conodont Cordylodus andresi FAD as a Stage 10 base, but other work shows this FAD is diachronous. An unrealistic approach to L. americanus’ systematics and the correlation uncertainty of C. andresi are overcome by defining a Stage 10 base at the globally recognizable E. notchpeakensis FAD, with the C. andresi FAD a useful proxy on cool-water continents. The "Lawsonian Stage", named for Lawson Cove in western Utah, has a basal GSSP at the E. notchpeakensis FAD and replaces informal Stage 10. The Lawsonian, ~150 m-thick in western Utah, underlies the basal Ordovician Iapetognathus Zone.
Keywords: agnostoids; Cambrian; conodonts; HERB excursion; Lawsonian Stage; United States; Utah

Left Behind--Delayed Extinction and a Relict Trilobite Fauna in the Cambrian--Ordovician Boundary Succession (East Laurentian Platform, New York) - E. Landing; Westrop, S. R.; Kroger, B.; A. M. English (Geological Magazine, 2011)
Two completely dissimilar faunal changes occur between the Sunwaptan and Skullrockian Stages (Ptychaspid and Symphysurid ‘Biomeres’) in the uppermost Cambrian on the east Laurentian craton. An undolomitized section in the Little Falls Formation in Washington County, New York, shows a typical ‘biomere’ extinction, with highest Sunwaptan trilobites followed by the abrupt appearance of Cordylodus proavus Zone conodonts and the lowest post-extinction trilobites (Parakoldinioidia Endo) 5.0 m higher. This stage boundary interval is very condensed by comparison with coeval Great Basin and Texas sections. Approximately 70 km southwest, typical pre-extinction taxa (the catillicephalid Acheilops Ulrich and several dikelocephalid species) are shown for the first time to persist well beyond the extinction as they occur with middle C. proavus Zone conodonts (Clavohamulus elongatus or, more likely, Hirsutodontus simplex Subzone). The Ritchie Limestone member of the uppermost Little Falls Formation yields a succession of conodont faunas that spans the C. elongatus–H. simplex–Clavohamulus hintzei Subzones (middle–upper C. proavus Zone). These data prove that the trilobites are a relict fauna that persisted into the Symphysurina Zone of the Skullrockian Stage. The massive (burrow-churned), mollusc-dominated Ritchie Limestone, with the second Upper Cambrian cephalopod locality in east Laurentia, represents an inner-shelf refugium for Sunwaptan trilobites that has not been previously encountered. Final extinction of typical Sunwaptan clades is at least locally diachronous, and a simple, genus-based approach to trilobite biostratigraphy in the Cambrian–Ordovician boundary interval is untenable. The relict fauna appears to be distinct at the species level, so it is likely that a viable, species-based biostratigraphy can be developed. Teridontus gallicus Serpagli et al. 2008 is a synonym of T. nakamurai (Nogami, 1967), and T.? francisi Landing sp. nov., with a large base and tiny cusp, is a lower C. proavus Zone form. New trilobites are Acheilops olbermanni Westrop sp. nov. and Parakoldinioidia maddowae Westrop sp. nov. The lowest Ordovician ‘Gailor Dolomite’ is a junior synonym of the Tribes Hill Formation, and the Ritchie Limestone is assigned to the top of the terminal Cambrian Little Falls Formation.
Keywords: conodonts; extinction; Lower Ordovician; New York; North America; trilobites; upper Cambrian

No Late Cambrian Shoreline Ice in Laurentia - E. Landing (GSA Today, 2011)
Keywords: geology paleontology

Tremadocian (Lower Ordovician) Biotas and Sea-level Changes on the Avalon Microcontinent - E. Landing; Fortey, R. A. (Journal of Paleontology, 2011)
The Chesley Drive Group, an Upper Cambrian–Lower Ordovician mudstone-dominated unit, is part of the Ediacaran–Ordovician cover sequence on the North American part of the Avalon microcontinent. The upper Chesley Drive Group on McLeod Brook, Cape Breton Island (previously “McLeod Brook Formation”), has two lithofacies-specific Tremadocian biotas. An older low-diversity benthic assemblage (shallow burrowers, Bathysiphon, phosphatic brachiopods, asaphid trilobites) is in lower upper Tremadocian green-gray mudstone. This wave-influenced, slightly dysoxic facies has Bathysiphon–brachiopod shell lags in ripple troughs. The upper fauna (ca. 483 +/− 1 Ma) is in dysoxic-anoxic (d-a), unburrowed, dark gray-black, upper upper (but not uppermost) Tremadocian mudstone with a “mass kill” of the olenid Peltocare rotundifrons (Matthew)—a provincial trilobite in Avalonian North America that likely tolerated low oxygen bottom waters. Scandodus avalonensis Landing n. sp. and Lagenochitina aff. conifundus (Poumot), probable nektic elements and the first upper Tremadocian conodont and chitinozoan reported from Avalon, occur in diagenetic calcareous nodules in the dark gray–black mudstone. An upper Tremadocian transition from lower greenish to upper black mudstone is not exposed on McLeod Brook, but is comparable to a coeval green-black mudstone transition in Avalonian England. The successions suggest that late late Tremadocian (probable Baltic Hunnebergian Age) sea level was higher in Avalon than is suggested from successions on other paleocontinents. The Tremadocian sea-level history of Avalon was a shoaling–deepening–shoaling sequence from d-a black mudstone (lower Tremadocian), to dysoxic green mudstone (lower upper Tremadocian), and back to black mudstone (upper upper Tremadocian). Scandodus Lindström is emended, with the early species S. avalonensis Landing n. sp. assigned to the emended Family Protopanderodontidae. Triangulodus Van Wamel is considered a junior synonym of Scandodus. Peltocare rotundifrons is emended on the basis of complete specimens.
Keywords: Avalon; Bathysiphon; brachiopods; Cape Breton Island; chitinozoans; conodonts; Lower Ordovician; sea-levels; Tremadocian; trilobites

Advancement Comes Slowly: African American Employment in Rochester, New York During the Great Migration - J. A. Lemak (New York History, 2011)
Keywords: history

The Frog Lady and the Devil - J. A. Lemak (New York Archives Magazine, 2011)
Keywords: history

Human Frogs in the History Collections! - J. A. Lemak (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2011)
Keywords: history

A Cultural Resource Survey Report for the New York City Hudson River Bulkhead and World Trade Center Site, New York City - M. Lenardi (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cladopodiella - L. Leonardi (Bryophyte Flora of North America, Provisional Publication, 2011)
Keywords: biology

Cultural Resources End of Field Report for NY 85A culvert (C110049), Town of New Scotland, Hamlet of New Salem, Albany County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Historic Corridor Plan (PIN 1808.66.101), Various Locations - M.S. LoRusso; Pellerin, J.; McDermott, C. (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1808.64.101, Adirondack Scenic Railroad Culvert, Town of North Elba, Essex County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Paleoindians and the Younger Dryas in the New England-Maritimes Region - J. C. Lothrop; P. E. Newby; Spiess, A. E.; J. A. Bradley (Quaternary International, 2011)
This paper examines environmental and archaeological data for the Younger Dryas (YD) (12,900–11,600 calibrated years before present) (cal BP) and early Holocene (11,600–10,000 cal BP) in the New England-Maritimes (NEM) to model environmental changes and possible human responses. For some other regions of North America, researchers argue for negligible environmental changes and human responses, while others suggest that ecological changes associated with cold conditions at the YD onset disrupted regional biota, causing subsistence stress for Paleoindian populations and the end of the Clovis cultural adaptation (circa 13,200–12,900 cal BP). The NEM shows abrupt cooling at the YD onset, which fostered more open habitats favorable to both long-distance migrating and local herds of caribou, and may have encouraged early Paleoindian colonization and settlement of this unoccupied deglacial region. Comparison of the Paleoindian point sequence with calibrated radiocarbon dates indicates fluted point groups probably occupied the NEM during, but not after, the YD. Abrupt warming at the YD terminus (circa 11,600 cal BP) caused a rapid reorganization of the region’s vegetation and prey species populations, coinciding in the archaeological record with a decline in Paleoindian biface fluting technology and altered regional site distributions. In the closed forests of the succeeding early Holocene NEM, late Paleoindian groups (11,600–10,000 cal BP) used unfluted, lanceolate points that may signal post-YD immigration to the NEM.
Keywords: chronology building; Colonization; Paleoindian; Younger Dryas

Crystal Chemistry of Th in Fluorapatite - Lou, Y.; Rakovan, J.; M. V. Lupulescu; Hughes, J. M.; Pan, Y. (American Mineralogist, 2011)
Keywords: geology

Hardwood Ash Nixtamalization May Lead to False Negatives for the Presence of Maize by Depleting Bulk delta13C in Carbonized Residues - Lovis, W. A.; Urquhart, G. R.; Raviele, M. E.; J. P. Hart (Journal of Archaeological Science, 2011)
Among the multiple proxies for detecting maize in precontact economies is the use of δ13C analysis of carbonized residues from ceramic cooking vessels. Although maize horticulture was widely established in Eastern North America (ENA) by A.D. 1000, there are carbonized residues from ceramic assemblages after this date that lack the elevated δ13C values indicative of the presence of maize. This may be due to the true absence of maize, or other factors including the masking of maize. Prior experimental research by Hart et al. demonstrated that the addition of C3 plants or consumers to two part mixes with maize can mask maize presence even when maize is the dominant ingredient. Here we investigate the effect of alkali processing of maize (nixtamalization) on δ13C using the widespread ENA process of boiling maize kernels with wood ash, a C3 product, to create hominy. Our experiments test whether or not the process of hardwood ash nixtamalization can mask the presence of maize in adhering carbonized residues by depleting δ13C values, and whether there is a reciprocal δ13C enrichment effect on the hardwood ash employed in nixtamalization. Overall, there is substantial δ13C depletion of residues when maize is cooked with hardwood ash, and hardwood ash cooked with maize shows the reciprocal enrichment. Therefore, the depleted values after the adoption of maize may be false negatives due to the nixtamalization process.
Keywords: Alkali processing; Bulk δ13C; Hominy; Maize histories; Pottery residue; Prehistoric cooking techniques

Al-rich Chromium-dravite from the #1 Mine, Balmat, St. Lawrence County, New York - M. V. Lupulescu; Rowe, R. (The Canadian Mineralogist, 2011)
Keywords: geology

Tourmaline-Group Minerals - M. V. Lupulescu (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2011)
Keywords: geology

Using Pegmatite Geochronology to Constrain Temporal Events in the Adirondack Mountains - M. V. Lupulescu; J. R. Chiarenzelli; Pullen, A. T.; Price, J. D. (Geosphere, 2011)
U-Pb laser ablation–multicollector–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) ages have been determined from large zircon crystals separated from pegmatites of the Adirondack Mountains, New York. Emplacement and metamorphic ages ranging from 949 ± 10 to 1222 ± 12 Ma help constrain the timing of igneous, metamorphic, and deformational history of the region, and are associated with Shawinigan, Ottawan, and Rigolet orogenesis. Geologically reasonable ages were obtained from most zircon separates despite large size, a limited number of grains, high uranium and thorium contents, dark and opaque interiors, high density of fractures, and widespread areas of metamictization and Pb loss. However, few grains show zoning or differences in composition when viewed with the backscattered mode on the scanning electron microscope. Large, clear, internally featureless, U-poor grains yield the best constrained ages. U-Th-Pb monazite ages, determined by electron probe, vary from 874 ± 27 Ma to 297 ± 62; the younger age may reflect the timing of hydrothermal fluid infiltration related to late Acadian events. This study suggests that, with appropriate care, zircons from pegmatites are a reasonable target for LA-MC-ICP-MS geochronology, widening the current arsenal of sampling targets.
Keywords: Adirondack Mountains; geochronology; Pegmatite

Cultural Resources Phase IA Survey Report for PIN 3023.08.121, Route 69 over Little Salmon River, Hamlet of Colosse, Town of Mexico, Oswego County, New York - A. Lynch; V. A. Schmitt (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Survey Report of PIN 3023.08.121, Route 69 over Little Salmon River, Hamlet of Colosse, Town of Mexico, Oswego County, New York - A. Lynch (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for PIN 20134.27.101, The Hotel Site, City of Oneida, Madison County, New York. - D. E. Mazeau (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

The Plant Gall Collection - T. L. McCabe (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2011)
Keywords: biology

Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) Parasites: Potentially Useful Bioindicators of Freshwater Quality? - Minguez, L.; D. P. Molloy; Guerold, F.; L. Giamberini (Water Research, 2011)
In environmental quality bioassessment studies, analysis of host–parasite interactions may well be a valuable alternative to classical macroinvertebrate sampling approaches. Herein, we investigated whether zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) parasites could be useful biomonitoring tools. Mussel populations were sampled twice at two sites in northeastern France representing different levels of contamination and were characterized for parasite infection following standard histological methods. Our results indicated that sites of different environmental quality (i.e. chemical contamination) exhibited different parasite communities characterized by different trematode species and parasite associations. An additional significant finding was the positive correlation established between the prevalence of Rickettsiales-like organisms and metal contamination. Multivariate analyses were valuable in examining parasite communities.
Keywords: Bioassessment; Dreissena polymorpha; Environmental contamination; Host–parasite interactions

Proterozoic Phytoplankton and Timing of Chlorophyte Algae Origins - Moczydlowska, M.; E. Landing; Zang, W.; Palacio, T. (Palaeontology, 2011)
Abstract:  Morphological and reproductive features and cell wall ultrastructure and biochemistry of Proterozoic acritarchs are used to determine their affinity to modern algae. The first appearance datum of these microbiota is traced to infer a minimum age of the divergence of the algal classes to which they may belong. The chronological appearance of microfossils that represent phycoma-like and zygotic cysts and vegetative cells and/or aplanospores, respectively, interpreted as prasinophyceaen and chlorophyceaen microalgae is related to the Viridiplantae phylogeny. An inferred minimum age of the Chlorophyte origin is before c. 1800 Ma, the Prasinophyceae at c. 1650 Ma and the Chlorophyceae at c. 1450 Ma. These divergence times differ from molecular clock estimates, and the palaeontological evidence suggests that they are older.
Keywords: acritarchs; algae; microfossils; phylogeny; phytoplankton; Proterozoic

Cultural Resource Site Examination Report of the Henry Stacy Site (NYSM # 12283) for PIN 3805.44.121, Culvert Replacement 104-3406-3095, Town of New Haven, Oswego County, New York - Moragne, S. (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1085.39.101, Route 146 from Blue Barns Road to 146A, Town of Clifton Park, Saratoga County, New York - Moragne, S.; V. A. Schmitt (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3287.20.101, Route 370 over the Seneca River, Towns of Lysander and Salina, Onondaga County, New York - Moragne, S.; V. A. Schmitt (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Screening Survey Report for PIN 5105.38.101, BIN 1024510 and 1024540, NY Route 39, Town of Sardinia, Erie County, New York - Moragne, S. (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

18th-Century Pitt and Liberty Bowls - Orser, C. E. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2011)
Keywords: anthropology history

The Archaeology of Poverty and the Poverty of Archaeology - Orser, C. E. (International Journal of Historical Archaeology, 2011)
Keywords: anthropology

Beneath the Surface of Tenement Life: The Dialectics of Race and Poverty During America's First Gilded Age - Orser, C. E. (Historical Archaeology, 2011)
Keywords: anthropology

Archaeology at the Watts Blacksmith Shop in Parishville Center - M. Pickands (The St. Lawrence County Historical Association Quarterly, 2011)
Keywords: anthropology history

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Report for the Brumaghim Site, Town of Glenville, Schenectady County, New York - M. Pickands (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Archaeology Project Ideas - C. B. Rieth (Newsletter of the New York State Archaeological Association, 2011)
Keywords: anthropology

Cultural Resources Historic Preservation Monitoring Report # 11 (May) for the Lake Champlain Bridge Project, Crown Point, New York. - C. B. Rieth; B. R. Dale (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Historic Preservation Monitoring Report # 12 for PIN 1805.81.101, Lake Champlain Bridge Project, Crown Point, New York. (June 2011) - C. B. Rieth; A. Gore (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Historic Preservation Monitoring Report # 13 (July 2011), Lake Champlain Bridge Project, Crown Point, New York - C. B. Rieth; A. Gore (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Historic Preservation Monitoring Report # 14 (August 2011) for the Lake Champlain Bridge Project, Town of Crown Point, Crown Point, New York - C. B. Rieth (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Historic Preservation Monitoring Report # 18 (December 2011) for the Lake Champlain Bridge - C. B. Rieth (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Monitoring and Data Recovery Plan for PIN X768.18, Little Bay, Queens, New York - C. B. Rieth (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Historic Preservation Monitoring Report for the Lake Champlain Bridge Project (October 2011), Crown Point, New York - C. B. Rieth; A. Gore (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report # 8 for the Lake Champlain Bridge Reconstruction Project (PIN 1805.81.101), Crown Point, New York - C. B. Rieth (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1808.68, DEC Campground Restoration, Lake Champlain Bridge Project, Crown Point, Essex County, New York - C. B. Rieth; A. Gore (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1935.71, Livingston Avenue Bridge Project, City of Albany and Rensselaer, New York - C. B. Rieth; R. Dean; D. Staley; S. Higgins; Moragne, S.; L. J. Xinakes; Pellerin, J. (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Current Research in New York State Archaeology: A.D. 700-1300 - C. B. Rieth; J. P. Hart (New York State Museum Record, 2011)
This volume is based on a symposium that we organized for theNewYork StateArchaeologicalAssociation’s 94th annual meeting in Ellenville, New York, on April 24, 2010. Our intention for the symposium was to highlight thewide range of current archaeological research in NewYork during the period of time we have referred to as the early Late Prehistoric period (A.D. 700–1300). As anyone following New York archaeology realizes, this is an arbitrary slice of time within the dynamic history of Native Americans in the state, but one that has been quite contentious over the past few decades. This contentiousness has centered on the origins of the ethnic landscape that was recorded by early European missionaries, settlers, and explorers.Was that landscape the result of migrations and displacements, or was it part of a long-evolving, in situ pattern? Can these two alternatives really capture the dynamics of the past, or are they too simplistic in their conceptualizations? There is a wide range of ongoing scholarship on these questions. What we wanted from the symposium and ultimately this volume was to show that while these questions are important, they are far from the only topics of research being addressed by archaeologists working on the early Late Prehistoric period. The symposium comprised nine papers, the abstracts of which follow this preface. Also included in the symposium was a discussion of the papers by James Bradley. The papers included reports on excavations at specific sites, regional settlement pattern analyses, lithic sourcing, ceramic analysis, and a summary of results from an ongoing research program involving a variety of analyses. The symposium certainly captured a wide range of research that demonstrated the dynamic state of archaeological investigations within New York. The present volume comprises updates of six of those papers, an introduction, and an eighth paper that was not presented in the symposium. As such, the volume provides a strong sense of the state of archaeological research on the early Late Prehistoric period in New York at the beginning of the 2010s. Thanks are due to those colleagues who participated in the symposium and to those who contributed to this volume.Meeting deadlines is not always an easy proposition, but in all instances the deadlines we established for chapter authors were met, making the production of this volume not only easier, but also very quick. The many peer reviewers for the volume and its individual chapters met our deadlines and in all instances provided well considered comments, suggestions, and criticisms, which resulted in a stronger volume. Thanks are due to Jonathan Lothrop who coordinated the peer review process for the volume and Janice Morrison for copy editing. Thanks also toMaria Sparks for managing the volume’s production.
Keywords: anthropology

Historic Preservation Monitoring Report for the Lake Champlain Bridge (Report # 17) - C. B. Rieth (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Introduction to Current Research in New York Archaeology A.D. 700-1300 - C. B. Rieth; J. P. Hart (Current Research in New York State Archaeology: A.D. 700-1300, 2011)
The early Late Prehistoric period (A.D. 700–1300) is a time in New York that traditionally has been seen by archaeologists as a period of change, from mobile hunter-gatherers to settled agricultural villagers. This traditional understanding of the past is being replaced by more dynamic understandings based on the applications of new methods, techniques, and theories. As such, archaeologists working on this slice of time in New York are in a period of transition. The works presented in this volume reflect that transition. Here we place the volume in the broader context of research on this vital period of inquiry in New York.
Keywords: anthropology

Review of Archaeology and Cultural Resource Management: Visions for the Future. - C. B. Rieth (Anthropology Review Database, 2011)
Much of the archaeology currently underway in the United States occurs within the framework of cultural resource management. The contributors address cultural resource management’s ability to protect and determine significance of archaeological sites, define professional standards, and incorporate the public into the preservation of the archaeological record, offer suggestions for the future.
Keywords: Archaeology; Cultural resource management

The Schoharie Creek III (NYSM # 10841), Central Bridge, New York - C. B. Rieth (New York Archaeological Council Newsletter, 2011)
Keywords: anthropology Cultural Resources

Trace Element Analysis of Lithic Artifacts from the Trapps Gap Site - C. B. Rieth; Johnson, L. L. (Current Research in New York State Archaeology: A.D. 700-1300, 2011)
Traditional models of Late Prehistoric (A.D. 700–1300) interaction in the middle Hudson Valley suggest strong ties with contemporaneous groups in southern New England. Recent research, in the form of trace element analysis of lithic artifacts from the Trapps Gap site in Ulster County, New York, questions this assumption suggesting a more diverse and complex landscape in which groups interacted. This paper will discuss whether all of the samples were procured from the same deposit, how such procurement patterns may have changed over time, and what such data might reveal about regional behavior.
Keywords: anthropology

Cultural Resources Monitoring Report for Route 370, Onondaga Lake Parkway, Liverpool, New York - J. Ross (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3057.56.101, Cayuga Heights Road over Route 13, Town of Lansing and Ithaca, Tompkins County, New York - J. Ross; M.S. LoRusso (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3057.57.101, Route 13 over Carter Creek, Town of Newfield, Tompkins County, New York - J. Ross; M.S. LoRusso (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3805.44.121, Culvert Replacement, Town of Minetto, Oswego County, New York - J. Ross (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN SR 481, Town of Scriba, Oswego County, New York - J. Ross (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Quantifying the Sensitivity of Camera Traps: An Adapted Distance Sampling Approach - Rowcliffe, J. M.; Carbone, C.; Jansen, P. A.; R. W. Kays; Kranstauber, B. (Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2011)
1. Abundance estimation is a pervasive goal in ecology. The rate of detection by motion-sensitive camera traps can, in principle, provide information on the abundance of many species of terrestrial vertebrates that are otherwise difficult to survey. The random encounter model (REM, Rowcliffe et al. 2008) provides a means estimating abundance from camera trap rate but requires camera sensitivity to be quantified. 2. Here, we develop a method to estimate the area effectively monitored by cameras, which is one of the most important codeterminants of detection rate. Our method borrows from distance sampling theory, applying detection function models to data on the position (distance and angle relative to the camera) where the animals are first detected. Testing the reliability of this approach through simulation, we find that bias depends on the effective detection angle assumed but was generally low at less than 5% for realistic angles typical of camera traps. 3. We adapted standard detection functions to allow for the possibility of smaller animals passing beneath the field of view close to the camera, resulting in reduced detection probability within that zone. Using a further simulation to test this approach, we find that detection distance can be estimated with little or no bias if detection probability is certain for at least some distance from the camera. 4. Applying this method to a 1-year camera trapping data set from Barro Colorado Island, Panama, we show that effective detection distance is related strongly positively to species body mass and weakly negatively to species average speed of movement. There was also a strong seasonal effect, with shorter detection distance during the wet season. Effective detection angle is related more weakly to species body mass, and again strongly to season, with a wider angle in the wet season. 5. This method represents an important step towards practical application of the REM, including abundance estimation for relatively small (<1 kg) species.
Keywords: abundance estimation; animal density; camera detection zone; detection probability; passive infrared motion sensor; Random Encounter Model

An Historical Record of Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in Lake Champlain - Schmidt, R. E.; R. S. Morse (Northeastern Naturalist, 2011)
Recent establishment of invasive Alosa pseudoharengus (Alewife) in Lake Champlain and in the lake's watershed has been cause for concern. Based on three larval specimens newly discovered in the New York State Museum collections, we document Alewife in Lake Champlain in 1929. Therefore, there has been at least one early unsuccessful introduction of Alewife into Lake Champlain and there may have been others that escaped notice. Changing lake conditions may have allowed Alewife to recently become established.
Keywords: Alewife; Alosa pseudoharengus; Invasive species; Lake Champlain; New York

Testing the Paleo-Maritime Hypothesis for Glacial Lake Iroquois: Implications for Changing Views of Past Culture and Technology - Schultz, M.; S. Winchell-Sweeney; Rush, L. (The Archaeology of Maritime Landscapes, 2011)
Comparison of stone tool assemblages and their associations with paleo-shorelines across North America encourages us to begin thinking in terms of maritime culture dating back as far as 8,000–10,000 years. Locations as diverse as Fort Drum, New York, San Clemente Island, California, and Hill AFB Bombing Range, Utah, all offer sites, collections, and information that can illuminate a possible early type of maritime cultural landscape. Evidence for human adaptation to Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene shoreline environments will emphasize the potential for use and construction of boats with a discussion of the implications for changing archaeological characterization of Paleoindian people.
Keywords: Early Holocene; late Pleistocene; maritime culture; paleo-shorelines; Paleoindian; stone tool assemblages

Cypripedium montanum in the East? - C. J. Sheviak (The Native Orchid Journal, 2011)
Keywords: biology

Cypripedium x alaskanum - C. J. Sheviak (The Native Orchid Conference Journal, 2011)
Keywords: biology

Cypripedium yatabeanum - C. J. Sheviak (The Native Orchid Conference Journal, 2011)
Keywords: biology

The Identity and Occurrence of Platanthera convallariifolia in North America - C. J. Sheviak (The Native Orchid Conference Journal, 2011)
Keywords: biology

New Varieties of Native Orchids - C. J. Sheviak (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2011)
Keywords: biology

Platanthera huronensis in the North, and the Occurrence of P. hyperborea in North America - C. J. Sheviak (The Native Orchid Conference Journal, 2011)
Keywords: biology

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 43387, Great Meadow Correctional Facility, Town of Fort Ann, Washington County, New York - Sobik, C. (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1043.54.101, Route 9 Pottersville, Warren County, New York - Sobik, C. (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 1941.23.101, Route 4, Village of Whitehall, Saratoga County, New York - Sobik, C. (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for OGS # 43475, Repair Sewer System, Willard Drug Treatment Facility, Town of Ovid, Seneca County, New York - D. Staley (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1808.31.101, Addendum to Proposed Stream Mitigation site, Kayaderosseras Creek, Northline Road, City of Saratoga Springs, Saratoga County, New York - D. Staley (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 5134.40.101, Route 5 over Big Sister Creek, Town of Evans, Erie County, New York - D. Staley; V. A. Schmitt (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 9806.09.101, C96335, Large Culvert Replacement and Repair, Town of Roxbury, Delaware County, New York - D. Staley (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 9806.09.101, NY Route 23, C963034, Large Culvert Replacement and Repair, Town of Roxbury, Delaware County, New York - D. Staley; M.S. LoRusso (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Screening Report for PIN 5134.41, Route 5 over Big Sister Creek, Town of Evans, Erie County, New York. - D. Staley (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

The Provenance and Use of Etowah Palettes - Steponaitis, V. P.; Swanson, S. E.; Wheeler, G.; P. B. Drooker (American Antiquity, 2011)
Based on geological and stylistic evidence, we argue that stone palettes found at Etowah were made locally from nearby raw materials. We also show that they were wrapped in textiles and kept in bundles, i.e., that they were objects used in ritual. Etowah palettes were used as portable altars, perhaps in ceremonies that involved anointing other objects with colorful (and spiritually powerful) substances. The realization that palettes were bundled ritual gear should cause us to rethink common assumptions that such objects moved from site to site by means of "trade," or that they functioned as "prestige goods" in the sense of Frankenstein and Rowlands (1978).
Keywords: Archaeology; Etowah; ritual; Stone tablets

Linguliform Brachiopods from the Terminal Cambrian and Lowest Ordovician of the Oaxaquia Microcontinent (Southern Mexico) - Streng, M.; Melbin, B. B,; E. Landing; Keppie, J. D. (Journal of Paleontology, 2011)
Eighteen taxa of linguliform brachiopods, mainly represented by acrotretoids, are reported from the Upper Cambrian (Furongian, Stage 10) and Lower Ordovician (Tremadocian) Tiñu Formation of Oaxaca State, Mexico. At the time of deposition, this area was part of Oaxaquia, which was either a microcontinent or an integral part of the Gondwanan margin. Whereas certain trilobites seem to indicate a Gondwanan affinity, the Tiñu brachiopod faunas show a less definite paleogeographic relationship. Some taxa have previously only been reported from Laurentia (Eurytreta cf. fillmorensis, Eurytreta cf. campaniformis), and one taxon is best known from the Avalon microcontinent (Eurytreta cf. sabrinae). However, the relatively high percentage of new and potentially endemic taxa (Oaxaquiatreta labrifera n. gen. n. sp., Tapuritreta reclinata n. sp., Oaxaquiatreta sp., Eurytreta? n. sp., Acrotretidae n. gen. n. sp., Obolinae gen. and sp. indet.) and the lack of other typical Laurentian, Gondwanan, or Avalonian taxa suggest either a certain degree of insularity of Oaxaquia or reflects a more temperate, unrestricted marine environment during the Early Paleozoic. Other taxa reported from the Tiñu Formation include Semitreta sp., Lingulella? spp., Obolinae gen. and sp. indet., Eoscaphelasma? sp., Ottenbyella? sp. A and sp. B, and Acrotretidae gen. and sp. indet. A, B, and C. Eurytreta and Semitreta are critically reviewed and several taxa previously assigned to them have been excluded. An emended diagnosis for the genus Eurytreta is presented. The presence of delthyrium and notothyrium-like structures in the siphonotretid Oaxaquiatreta n. gen. further strengthens the previously proposed relationship between the Siphonotretida and Paterinida.
Keywords: Eurytreta; Linguliform brachiopods; Mexico; Paterinida; Siphonotretida

Carbon Dioxide Storage Potential for the Queenston Formation Near the AES Cayuga Coal-fired Power Plant in Tompkins County, New York - Tamulonis, K. L.; Jordan, T. E.; B. E. Slater (Environmental Geosciences, 2011)
Keywords: geology

Associated Terrestrial and Marine Fossils in the Late-glacial Presumpscot Formation, Southern Maine, U.S.A., and the Marine Reservoir Effect on Radiocarbon Ages - Thompson, W. B.; Griggs, C. B.; N. G. Miller; Nelson, R. E.; Weddle, T. K.; Kilian, T. M. (Quaternary Research, 2011)
Keywords: biology paleontology

Bedrock Geology of the Rensselaerville Quadrangle, New York - C. A. Ver Straeten (Map & Chart Series, 2011)

The Marcellus Subgroup in its Type Area, Finger Lakes Area of New York, and Beyond - C. A. Ver Straeten; G.C. Baird; C. Brett; Lash, G.; Over, J.; Karaca, C.; Jordan, T.; Blood, R. (2011)
Keywords: geology

Mudrock Sequence Stratigraphy: A Multi-proxy (Sedimentological, Paleobiological, Geochemical) Approach, Devonian Appalachian Basin - C. A. Ver Straeten; C. Brett; Sageman, B. B. (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2011)
Delineation of stratigraphic sequences and their component systems tracts in mudrock-dominated facies is generally difficult due to the relatively homogenous, fine-grained nature of the strata. In this study, we apply a multi-proxy analytical approach to a thick Devonian mudrock-dominated succession through detailed analysis of sedimentologic, paleobiologic, and geochemical data through 600 m of mudrock-rich facies. Varied combinations of proxies prove to be most useful in delineating sequence development in anoxic-, dysoxic-, and oxic-dominated mudrock settings, and in mixed mudrock–carbonate and mixed mudrock–sandstone successions. These interpretations are tested against an established sequence stratigraphic framework for 11 Middle to Upper Devonian (mid-Eifelian to lower Famennian) sequences in the Appalachian Basin. The sequences presented here further detail and refine global Devonian T–R cycles Id to IIe of the well known Johnson, Sandberg and Klapper sea-level curve. The usefulness of proxies in delineating depositional sequences and systems tracts varies dependent on depositional, paleoceanographic, paleoecologic, and early diagenetic conditions. Those proxies that show a range of variations in specific settings, such as grain size, degree of bioturbation, and concentrations of TOC and elements/elemental ratios (e.g., CaCO3, Al, Ti, Mg, Sc, Si, Mo, Ni, V; Si/Al and Ti/Al) may help delineate depositional dynamics related to redox conditions, condensation, dilution, and clastic, biologic, and/or authigenic sediment sources. In fine-grained, anoxic-dominated facies, interpreted to represent basinal settings, sequences and systems tracts are best delineated by anoxic-related proxies TOC and Mo. In intermediate, dysoxic-dominated settings, TOC, Mo, bioturbation, and Al remain effective indicators of sequence development. In relatively oxygenated, mudrock-rich and carbonate poor sequences, bioturbation may function as the most effective proxy for recognizing systems tracts. For mixed fine-grained siliciclastic–carbonate successions, concentration and type of CaCO3 (e.g., benthic macroskeletal, pelagic styliolinid/dacryoconarid, and micritic/calcisilt) are useful in identifying position within cycles. In more proximal, carbonate-poor successions, fine- and coarse-grained fractions become increasingly differentiated; these can be distinguished by relatively high Si/Al ratios (Si/Al ≥ ca. 5). Elemental ratios indicative of coarser clastic input (e.g., Si/Al, Zr/Al and Ti/Al) are applicable to identifying position with a sequence, but they may also be affected by input from eolian, volcanogenic, or biogenic sources. In addition, fluxes of siliciclastic, carbonate, and TOC sediment types may dilute the concentration of the others. Multiple lines of evidence should be examined in interpreting relative depth and position within a sequence.
Keywords: Acadian Orogeny; Appalachian Basin; Devonian; Geochemical proxies; Mudrocks; sequence stratigraphy

A Genome-wide Perspective on the Evolutionary History of Enigmatic Wolf-like Canids - vonHoldt, B. M.; Pollinger, J. P.; Earl, D. A.; Knowles, J. C.; Boyko, A. R.; Parker, H.; Geffen, E.; Pilot, M.; Jedrzejewski, W.; Jedrzejewska, B.; Sidorovich, V.; Greco, C.; et al. (Genome Research, 2011)
High-throughput genotyping technologies developed for model species can potentially increase the resolution of demographic history and ancestry in wild relatives. We use a SNP genotyping microarray developed for the domestic dog to assay variation in over 48K loci in wolf-like species worldwide. Despite the high mobility of these large carnivores, we find distinct hierarchical population units within gray wolves and coyotes that correspond with geographic and ecologic differences among populations. Further, we test controversial theories about the ancestry of the Great Lakes wolf and red wolf using an analysis of haplotype blocks across all 38 canid autosomes. We find that these enigmatic canids are highly admixed varieties derived from gray wolves and coyotes, respectively. This divergent genomic history suggests that they do not have a shared recent ancestry as proposed by previous researchers. Interspecific hybridization, as well as the process of evolutionary divergence, may be responsible for the observed phenotypic distinction of both forms. Such admixture complicates decisions regarding endangered species restoration and protection.
Keywords: Evolutionary divergence; Genotyping; Interspecific hybridization; Wolve-like canids

A New Zanclognatha from Eastern North America and a Preliminary Key to the Larvae of the Genus - Wagner, D. L.; T. L. McCabe (ZooKeys, 2011)
The adult of a widespread but previously undescribed species of Zanclognatha Lederer is described from eastern North America. Images of the mature larva and life history datafor Zanclognatha dentata sp. n. are included, along with a preliminary key to the larvae of ten eastern North American Zanclognatha species.
Keywords: detritus feeding; Herminiinae; larvae; species radiation; Zanclognatha

Visions and Reality: Reconsidering the Creation and Development of Lowell's National Park, 1966-1992 - Weible, R. (The Public Historian, 2011)
For more than four decades, historians, historic preservationists, journalists, and public officials have debated the purpose and appropriateness of a national park in Lowell, Massachusetts. This article, written by the first NPS historian in Lowell, builds on existing literature and interprets the founding and early development of Lowell National Historical Park in the context of changing national politics. It locates the concept for the park in the Great Society, documents the contested debate over the park's founding in the 1970s, and argues that the park developed very differently than planned during the radically changed political environment of the 1980s.
Keywords: 1980s politics; Lowell; National Park Service; Patrick Mogan; Paul Tsongas

The Cambrian (Sunwaptan, Furongian) Agnostoid Arthropod Lotagnostus Whitehouse, 1936, in Laurentian and Avalonian North America: Systematics and Biostratigraphic Significance - Westrop, S. R.; Adrain, J. M.; E. Landing (Bulletin of Geosciences, 2011)
Keywords: geology paleontology

Lower Cambrian (Branchian) Eodiscoid Trilobites from the Lower Brigus Formation, Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland, Canada - Westrop, S. R.; E. Landing (Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists, 2011)
Eodiscoids form a significant component of the Lower Cambrian (Branchian) trilobite fauna of the St. Mary's and lower Jigging Cove members of the Brigus Formation exposed along Conception and Trinity bays, northern Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland. Two species of Serrodiscus Richter and Richter, four species of Hebediscus Whitehouse, and rare sclerites of Meniscuchus? pik and Calodiscus Howell are documented; type material of M.? helena (Walcott) is reillustrated. Hebediscus attleborensis (Shaler and Foerste) is restricted to the types, and H. williamsi is new. A parsimony analysis indicates that Serrodiscus is paraphyletic but supports monophyly of Acidiscus Rasetti, Bolboparia Rasetti and Stigmadiscus Rasetti. Above a sparsely fossiliferous interval in the lowest part of the Brigus, three eodiscoid faunas can be identified in the upper St. Mary's and lower Jigging Cove members, in ascending order, the Hebediscus planus, H. williamsi and Calodiscus cf. C. lobatus faunas. The lower two faunas correspond to part of the traditional "Callavia Zone" of previous workers.
Keywords: paleontology

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1089.61.101, Route 4 Reconstruction, Village of Hudson Falls, Town of Fort Edward, Washington County, New York - L. J. Xinakes; M.S. LoRusso (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1089.61.101, Route 4 Reconstruction, Village of Hudson Falls, Town of Fort Edward, Washington County, New York - L. J. Xinakes; M.S. LoRusso (New York State Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration, 2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 5086.22.121, Intersection Improvement and Relocation of CSX Railroad Track, Sheridan Drive and Kenmore Avenue, Town of Tonawanda, Erie County, New York - L. J. Xinakes; N. L. Davis; V. A. Schmitt (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 5086.22.121, Intersection Improvement and Relocation of CSX Railroad Track, Sheridan Drive and Kenmore Avenue, Town of Tonawanda, Erie County, New York - L. J. Xinakes; N. L. Davis; V. A. Schmitt (New York State Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration, 2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8127.26.101, Taconic State Parkway and Pudding Street Addendum, Town of Putnam Valley, Putnam County, New York - L. J. Xinakes (New York State Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration, 2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8127.26.101, Taconic State Parkway and Pudding Street Addendum, Town of Putnam Valley, Putnam County, New York - L. J. Xinakes (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 1357.13.121, Addendum to CR (Birchwood Drive) and BIN 1070650 over I-88, Town of Princetown, Schenectady County, New York - L. J. Xinakes; C. B. Rieth; V. A. Schmitt (2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 1357.13.121, Addendum to CR (Birchwood Drive) and BIN 1070650 over I-88, Town of Princetown, Schenectady County, New York - L. J. Xinakes; C. B. Rieth; V. A. Schmitt (New York State Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration, 2011)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

The People of Colonial Albany Live Online - Bielinski, S. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: history

Surficial Geology of the Seneca Falls Quadrangle, New York - B. Bird; A. L. Kozlowski (Map & Chart Series, 2010)

The Sundler Sites: Reconstructing the Late Pleistocene Landscape and its People in the Capital Region of New York - J. A. Bradley; M.H. Younge; A. L. Kozlowski (Soldiers, Cities, and Landscapes: Papers in Honor of Charles L. Fisher, 2010)
Keywords: anthropology

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1808.63.101, Route 23, Culvert Repair and Replacement, Hamlet of Ashland, Town of Ashland, Greene County, New York - H. Brown; M.S. LoRusso (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Phase IA survey of PIN 3805.57.101, Route 38 over the Seneca River Barge Canal - H. Brown; M.S. LoRusso; T. Thomas (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1808.32.101, Route 22, Slope Failure Repairs, Village of Hoosick Falls, Town of Hoosick, Rensselaer County, New York - H. Brown; M.S. LoRusso (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3805.44.121, Route 11 Culvert Replacement, Town of Lafayette, Onondaga County, New York - H. Brown; M.S. LoRusso; T. Thomas (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3806.39.121, ADA Sidewalk Replacement, Town of Williamstown, Oswego County, New York - H. Brown (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Fuerte's Mountain Gorilla - Burch, R. J. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: history

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2805.02.121, City of Amsterdam, Montgomery County, New York - J. S. Cardinal (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 1807.72.301, Route 9N and Delorm Drive Drainage Improvements, Town of Ticonderoga, Essex County, New York - J. S. Cardinal (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Screening Report for PIN 1808.31.101, Slope Failure Repair, I-87 Median, Town of Halfmoon, Saratoga County, New York - Carioto, J. (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cubic Magnetite Crystals from Balmat, New York - S. C. Chamberlain; Robinson, G. W.; M. V. Lupulescu; Morgan, T. C.; Johnson, J. T.; deLorraine, W. M. (The Mineralogical Record, 2010)
Keywords: geology

Enriched Grenvillian Lithospheric Mantle as a Consequence of Long-lived Subduction Beneath Laurentia - J. R. Chiarenzelli; M. V. Lupulescu; Cousens, B.; Thern, E.; Coffin, L.; Regan, S. (Geology, 2010)
Geochemical and Nd isotopic data from mafic and newly discovered ultramafic rocks in the Adirondack Lowlands suggest widespread enrichment of the lithospheric mantle under the Grenville Province. Incompatible element abundances and previously published Hf TDM (zircon) (depleted mantle model age) and Nd TDM ages from rocks of the anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite suite in the Adirondack Highlands document similar enrichment in the lower crust and its strong influence on subsequent magmatic events throughout the Ontario-Quebec-Adirondack segment of the Grenville Province. Likely the consequence of long-lived (ca. 1.4–1.2 Ga) northwest-directed subduction along the southeast edge of Laurentia (previously proposed Andean margin), this enrichment is similar to that associated with the vast (>240,000 km2) ultrapotassic province of the western Churchill Province. Enrichment of the lithospheric mantle beneath orogenic belts is a predictable and important differentiation process that has operated on Earth for at least the past 3 b.y.
Keywords: Adirondack Lowlands; Geochemistry; geochronology; lithospheric mantle

Surficial Geology of the Ossoning 7.5-Minute Quadrangle, Westchester County, New York - Connally, G. G. (Map & Chart, 2010)

Does Watching a Monkey Change its Behaviour? Quantifying Observer Effects in Habituated Wild Primates using Automated Radiotelemetry - M. C. Crofoot; Lambert, T. D.; R. W. Kays; M. Wikelski (Animal Behaviour, 2010)
In studies of animal behaviour, researchers have long been concerned that their presence may change the conduct of their study subjects. To minimize observer effects, researchers often habituate their study animals. The premise of this method is that, with sufficient neutral exposure, animals will stop reacting to humans. While numerous studies demonstrate that negative responses to humans decrease over time, the fact that an animal does not flee from or behave aggressively towards observers cannot be taken as evidence that it is not altering its behaviour in other, more subtle ways. Because remotely monitoring the behaviour of wild animals is difficult, it has not been possible to answer the critical question: do habituated animals change their behaviour when researchers are present? Here, we use data from an automated radiotelemetry system that remotely monitored the movement and activity of radiocollared animals to test whether observers affected the behaviour of seven habituated white-faced capuchins, Cebus capucinus. We found no evidence that observers influenced the ranging behaviour or activity patterns of their study subjects. Capuchins did not move faster, stop to rest less frequently, or display higher levels of activity when they were being followed compared to when they were alone. It has been suggested that researchers may embolden habituated study subjects, artificially increasing their relative dominance, but we found no relationship between observer presence and proximity to neighbouring social groups. Although it remains possible that observer effects existed but were too subtle to be detected with the remote sensing technology we used, the results of this study nevertheless provide reassuring evidence that humans can observe habituated wild animals without overly influencing the animals’ activity and movement patterns.
Keywords: Barro Colorado Island; Panama; Cebus capucinus; habituation; telemetry

Family-level Relationships of the Spittlebugs and Froghoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cercopoidea) - J. R. Cryan; Svenson, G. J. (Systematic Entomology, 2010)
The spittlebug superfamily Cercopoidea (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha) comprises approximately 3000 phytophagous species (including some economically important pests of grass crops) classified among the families Cercopidae, Aphrophoridae, Epipygidae, Clastopteridae and Machaerotidae. However, the monophyly of these taxa has never been tested and the evolutionary relationships among these major lineages are unknown. Presented here are the results of the first ever phylogenetic investigation of the higher-level relationships within Cercopoidea, based on DNA nucleotide sequence data from six loci (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, histone 3, wingless, cytochrome oxidase I and cytochrome oxidase II) generated from exemplars of 109 spittlebug species representing all five described families, seven of eight subfamilies and 61 genera (eight additional exemplars, representing a selection of other Auchenorrhyncha taxa, were included as outgroups). The resulting topologies are used to evaluate the monophyly of each cercopoid family, and further to calculate divergence date estimates to examine the chronological origins and historical diversification of Cercopoidea. The results of this investigation suggest that: (i) four of the five described families are monophyletic; Epipygidae was recovered consistently as originating within Aphrophoridae; (ii) the exclusively Old World Machaerotidae is the most anciently diversified family of extant spittlebugs; (iii) New World Cercopidae (i.e. Ischnorhininae) constitute a derived monophyletic lineage; (iv) the genus Microsargane Fowler, classified currently within Aphrophoridae, actually belongs within Cercopidae; and (v) the origins of the major spittlebug lineages probably coincided with the breakup of Pangaea and, subsequently, Gondwana, as well as major floristic diversification such as the rise of angiosperms.
Keywords: Cercopoidea; Phylogenetics; phytophagous insects; spittlebug; taxonomy

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for the Five Rivers Environmental Center, Delmar, New York - B. R. Dale (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for Crown Point Campground Sewerline, DEC-Crown Point, Town of Crown Point, Essex County, New York - B. R. Dale (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7067.92.121, Route 458 over St. Regis River, Town of Waverly, Village of St. Regis Falls, Franklin County, New York - B. R. Dale; V. A. Schmitt (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for the Crown Point Campground Storm Water Drainage, DEC-Crown Point, Town of Crown Point, Essex County, New York - B. R. Dale (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 3806.39.121, ADA Sidewalk Replacement, Village of Cleveland, Oswego County, New York - B. R. Dale; V. A. Schmitt (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for PIN 2012.07.101, Route 169 over Stony Creek, Town of Fairfield, Herkimer County, New York - B. R. Dale (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report of the J.G. Byers Site, PIN 1130.60.101, NY Route 22 over the Walloomsac River, Town of North Hoosick, Rensselaer County, New York - N. L. Davis (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Report for PIN 1089.70.101, Route 32 and 4, Town of Stillwater, Saratoga County, New York - R. Dean (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 3806.39.121, ADA Sidewalk Replacement and Ramp Reconstruction, Route 31, Village of Port Byron, Cayuga County, New York - R. Dean; V. A. Schmitt (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Soldiers, Cities, and Landscapes: Papers in Honor of Charles L. Fisher - P. B. Drooker; J. P. Hart (New York State Museum Bulletin, 2010)
Keywords: anthropology history

AMS Radiocarbon Dates from Pleistocene and Holocene Mammals Housed in the New York State Museum, Albany, New York, USA - R. S. Feranec; A. L. Kozlowski (Radiocarbon, 2010)
Despite its rich paleontological record, only limited research has been published on the Pleistocene and Holocene vertebrate faunal record of New York State. This paper presents a set of dates from the bone collagen of Pleistocene and Holocene mammal specimens housed in the Vertebrate Paleontology Collections at the New York State Museum, Albany, New York, USA.
Keywords: Accelerator mass spectrometry; AMS; late Pleistocene mammals; New York; radiocarbon dating

Isotopes Reveal Limited Effects of Middle Pleistocene Climate Change on the Ecology of Mid-sized Mammals - R. S. Feranec; Hadly, E. A.; Paytan, A. (Quaternary International, 2010)
To better understand how past climatic change influenced mammalian communities, we used fossils from the Pit Locality of Porcupine Cave, to evaluate how two taxa responded to climatic events spanning two glacial–interglacial transitions of the middle Pleistocene in Colorado. We analyzed the isotopes of carbon, oxygen and strontium in 84 specimens of rabbits and marmots to infer (1) if feeding and habitat preferences differed across glacial–interglacial transitions, and (2) whether these taxa responded similarly and synchronously to climatic events. Our results showed no significant differences in any of the isotopic values within taxa across levels. Stable carbon isotope values revealed a C3-dominated environment around Porcupine Cave during the middle Pleistocene, similar to what is present around the cave today. Oxygen isotopes did not change significantly across levels suggesting consistent water sources over time and preventing any correlation to the Marine Isotope Stages. Marmots did show significantly more positive oxygen isotope values than rabbits over most of the Pit levels likely indicative of hibernation. Lack of significant change in Sr isotopes indicates similarity in habitat range through time, or homogenization of landscape Sr values due to atmospheric inputs. These results suggest that middle Pleistocene climatic change had a negligible effect on the ecology of the sampled individuals around Porcupine Cave. The effects of climate on mammals are complex and these results cannot be extrapolated globally; research is needed to differentiate how global climate change affects mammals in different regions and of different life history to provide insight into how current global warming will affect extant species.
Keywords: climatic change; mammalian communities; middle Pleistocene

Understanding the Ecology of Mammalian Carnivorans and Herbivores from Valdegoba Cave (Burgos, Northern Spain) Through Stable Isotope Analysis - R. S. Feranec; Garcia, N.; Diez, J. C.; Arsuaga, J. L. (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2010)
Stable carbon and oxygen isotope analyses of mammalian carnivoran and herbivore species from the late Pleistocene Valdegoba cave site in northern Spain imply competition and partitioning in resource use. In general, the data support the previously recognized ecology for the analyzed species. δ13C values show that the ecosystem around the cave was dominated by C3 plants. The observed δ18O values are similar to what is found in modern environments. The analyzed bovids, Bos primigenius, Capra pyrenaica, and Rupicapra rupicapra, showed the most positive δ13C values. Bos primigenius had the most positive mean carbon isotope value and is suggested to feed on grasses in open environments. Values for Capra pyrenaica primarily indicate grass feeding, while Rupicapra rupicapra had the widest diet for the analyzed species, likely including grass and browse. Cervus elaphus, Equus ferus, Equus hydruntinus, and Stephanorhinus hemitoechus displayed more negative δ13C values indicating the use of similar resources. The smallest species analyzed, Castor fiber, displayed the most negative δ13C and δ18O values, implying a preference for eating C3 plants and being semi-aquatic. The canids, Canis lupus and Vulpes vulpes, displayed the most positive δ13C and δ18O values, and overlap many of the sampled ungulate species. Positive δ18O values in canids implies that this group obtains much of its water from its prey, uses a different water source, or has physiological differences from the other carnivorans that influence oxygen isotope values. Lynx pardinus had values similar to the canids. Crocuta crocuta had δ13C values more negative than expected for a generalist predator. These values are likely due to concentration of diet on taxa from more forested environments. The most negative δ13C values are observed in the bears, Ursus arctos and Ursus spelaeus. These values are the likely result of hibernation and the inclusion of significant vegetation in bear diets.
Keywords: C-13; Diet; Ecology; Mammal; O-18; Pleistocene

Addendum Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7720.97.221, Wetland Mitigations for NYSDOT Commercial Vehicle Inspection Station, Town of Champlain, Clinton County, New York - A. Gore (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1805.81.101, Lake Champlain Bridge Replacement Project, Town of Crown Point, Essex County, New York - A. Gore (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN AX16.13.701, Temporary Access Road/pre-1929 Ferry Landing, Town of Crown Point, Essex County, New York - A. Gore (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Pottery Change: Research Alters How Archaeologists View New York's Past - J. P. Hart (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: anthropology

The Washington Square Mound Site and a Southeastern Ceremonial Complex Style Zone among the Caddo of Northeastern Texas - J. P. Hart; Perttula, T. K. (Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology, 2010)
Regional variation is recognized within the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex and its larger symbolic and ceremonial complexes. In this article we identify and describe a northeastern Texas Caddo style zone centered on engraved rattlesnake representations and other symbols on fine ware ceramic vessels. We explore the use of these icons in a double burial from the late thirteenth to early fifteenth century A.D. Washington Square Mound Site in Nacogdoches, Texas.
Keywords: Caddo Indians; East Texas; Pottery; Southeastern Ceremonial Complex; Symbolism

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8065.01.101, NYS Route 17 and I-84, Interchange Improvements, Town of Wallkill, Orange County, New York - S. Higgins (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 1808.31.101, Proposed Stream Mitigation Site, Northline Road over Kayaderosseras Creek, City of Saratoga Springs, Saratoga County, New York - S. Higgins (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Report for PIN 8004.02.101, Paul J. Higgins Site, Town of Corlandt, Westchester County, New York - S. Higgins (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for Troop F Headquarters, City of Middletown, Orange County, New York - S. Higgins (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report of Wadhams Falls Gristmill, Payne Blacksmith Shop, Storage Shed and Coal Mill, and Wadhams Falls Bridge, Route 22 over Boquet River, Hamlet of Wadhams, Town of Westport, Essex County, New York - S. Higgins (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Commerce and Cooperation among the Classic Maya: The Chunchucmil Case - Hutson, S. R.; Dahlin, B.; D. E. Mazeau (Cooperation in Economy and Society, 2010)
Keywords: anthropology

Eastern Coyote What Is It? Where Did It Come From? - R. W. Kays (Pennsylvania Game News, 2010)
Keywords: biology

Freezer Diving: The Discovery of a Frozen Mountain Coati Thaws Out Its Taxonomic Secrets - R. W. Kays (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: biology

New York's Coyote--What Is It? Where Did It Come From? - R. W. Kays (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: Coyote; hybridizing; New York

Rapid Adaptive Evolution of Northeastern Coyotes via Hybridization with Wolves - R. W. Kays; Curtis, A.; J. J. Kirchman (Biology Letters, 2010)
The dramatic expansion of the geographical range of coyotes over the last 90 years is partly explained by changes to the landscape and local extinctions of wolves, but hybridization may also have facilitated their movement. We present mtDNA sequence data from 686 eastern coyotes and measurements of 196 skulls related to their two-front colonization pattern. We find evidence for hybridization with Great Lakes wolves only along the northern front, which is correlated with larger skull size, increased sexual dimorphism and a five times faster colonization rate than the southern front. Northeastern haplotype diversity is low, suggesting that this population was founded by very few females moving across the Saint Lawrence River. This northern front then spread south and west, eventually coming in contact with an expanding front of non-hybrid coyotes in western New York and Pennsylvania. We suggest that hybridization with wolves in Canada introduced adaptive variation that contributed to larger size, which in turn allowed eastern coyotes to better hunt deer, allowing a more rapid colonization of new areas than coyotes without introgressed wolf genes. Thus, hybridization is a conduit by which genetic variation from an extirpated species has been reintroduced into northeastern USA, enabling northeastern coyotes to occupy a portion of the niche left vacant by wolves.
Keywords: Coyotes; Evolution; hybridization; wolves

Reply to Wheeldon et al. 'Colonization History and Ancestry of Northeastern Coyotes' - R. W. Kays; Curtis, A.; J. J. Kirchman (Biology Letters, 2010)
The history of hybridization and range change of Canis in eastern North America has created an interesting evolutionary story that researchers are still untangling. We welcome the comment by Wheeldon et al. (in press) on our study on the evolution of northeastern coyote and the new data they present in their comment and new paper (Way et al. in press). Their comment raises two issues, one taxonomic and one biogeographic. Here we briefly defend our taxonomic treatment of northeastern wolves, and present new data supporting our original biogeographic interpretations.
Keywords: Coyotes; Evolution; hybridization; New York; wolves

Focus on Nature XI Biennial Exhibition Shows Impact of Illustration - Kernan, P. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: biology

Carolina Parakeets - J. J. Kirchman (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: biology

DNA from a 100-year-old Holotype Confirms the Validity of a Potentially Extinct Hummingbird Species - J. J. Kirchman; Witt, C. C.; McGuire, J. A.; Graves, G. R. (Biology Letters, 2010)
We used mtDNA sequence data to confirm that the controversial 100-year-old holotype of the Bogotá sunangel (Heliangelus zusii) represents a valid species. We demonstrate that H. zusii is genetically well differentiated from taxa previously hypothesized to have given rise to the specimen via hybridization. Phylogenetic analyses place H. zusii as sister to a clade of mid- to high-elevation Andean species currently placed in the genera Taphrolesbia and Aglaiocercus. Heliangelus zusii, presumed extinct, has never been observed in nature by biologists. We infer that the species occupied a restricted distribution between the upper tropical and temperate zones of the northern Andes and that it was most probably driven to extinction by deforestation that accompanied human population growth during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. We demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining DNA from nearly microscopic tissue samples from old hummingbird specimens and suggest that these methods could be used to resolve the taxonomy of dozens of avian taxa known only from type specimens.
Keywords: Bogotá sunangel; mtDNA; Phylogenetic analyses; taxonomy

Legalities and Practicalities of Salvaging of Dead Birds for Museum Specimens - J. J. Kirchman (The Kingbird, 2010)
Recently on the NYSbirds-L listserv, an observer reported that a possible Pacific Loon had washed up on a Long Island beach. The birder, recognizing that this might be an important record to document with a specimen, wondered if s/he should pick up the bird and bring it to a museum, and whether it was legal to do this. Digital photos eventually made the rounds and it turned out that the bird, which was never salvaged, was a Common Loon. This incident provoked a very long “thread” of discussion among the listserv readers regarding the legalities and practice of bird specimen salvage by the bird-observing public. By the time the listserv administrator cut off the discussion it was clear that New York birders appreciate the scientific value of specimens (e.g., as discussed by Kirchman 2008, Kingbird 58: 214-219), but that the legal implications of picking up a dead bird are not well known. One point of agreement was that there is a need for some clarification of the laws and permits that govern the salvage of birds in New York. As curator of the ornithology collection at the New York State Museum, and an enthusiastic (and permitted) salvager, I am in a position to provide some of the needed clarification and have decided to summarize in this article what I know about the subject.
Keywords: Bird salvaging; legalisties; Museum collections

Surficial Geology of the Bearsville Quadrangle, New York - A. L. Kozlowski; B. Bird; Smith, C. A.; Krumdieck, N. W.; Stefanik, P. A. (Map & Chart Series, 2010)

Early Ordovician Community Evolution with Eustatic Change Through the Middle Beekmantown Group, Northeast Laurentia - Kroger, B.; E. Landing (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2010)
The Beekmantown Group records the important early interval of the Ordovician Radiation. This Upper Cambrian–Middle Ordovician, carbonate-dominated, tropical succession was deposited near the eastern passive margin of the Laurentian platform. This depositional setting remained remarkably stable although the craton was flooded repeatedly with eustatic rises and unconformity-bound, macroscale sedimentary cycles were deposited as successive geological formations. The individual depositional cycles (i.e., formations) show a nearly identical vertical succession with a type 1 sequence boundary, a basal conglomerate, transgressive sandstones, locally a subtidal shale-dominated unit that marks the deepest facies, and a highstand carbonate facies with thrombolite buildups in its middle part. The thrombolitic buildups of each depositional cycle contain a mollusc-dominated macrofauna that changed remarkably from cycle to cycle. In the limestones of the Upper Cambrian Ritchie and Rathbunville School members, the macrofauna is very rare and of low diversity. By comparison, the absolute abundance of macrofossils is high throughout the Lower Ordovician thrombolitic limestones. The genus-level diversity of brachiopods, trilobites, gastropods, and cephalopods increased moderately during the three Lower Ordovician depositional sequences. Dramatic changes in cephalopod disparity, body size, and biomass indicate significant paleoecological changes at the top of the ecosystem food chains, and are an indication of community evolution and intrinsic evolutionary processes. Increased coiling and ornamentation in cephalopods and an increasing number of large gastropod genera with thick shells indicate an escalation among predators. We interpret these changes as evidence for a rise in competition within ecological guilds by a continuing increase in internal differentiation of the food web. Increased organismal interaction and the differentiation of the food web (i.e., community evolution) are regarded as a major driving mechanism early in the Ordovician Radiation.
Keywords: Beekmantown Group; Laurentia; Ordovician Radiation; Palaeodiversity

Cambrian Origin of All Skeletalized Metazoan Phyla--Discovery of Earth's Oldest Bryozoans (Upper Cambrian, Southern Mexico) - E. Landing; A. M. English; Keppie, J. D. (Geology, 2010)
Exquisite Pywackia baileyi Landing n. gen. and sp. specimens from the lower Tiñu Formation, southern Mexico, extend the bryozoan record into the Upper Cambrian. They are ∼8 m.y. older than the purported oldest bryozoans from South China, and show that all skeletalized metazoan phyla appeared in the Cambrian. The new form differs from similar, twig-like cryptostomes by its shallow autozooecia and an elongate axial zooid, which may be homologous to the stolon in nonmineralized ctenostomes. It may morphologically resemble mineralized stem group bryozoans that retained a stolon-like individual, although an ability to bud was acquired by the feeding individuals (autozooids). The latest Cambrian origin of bryozoans, several mollusk classes (polyplacophorans, cephalopods), and euconodonts was a major evolutionary development and can be considered the onset of the Ordovician radiation of more complex marine communities.
Keywords: bryozoans; Mexico; Pywackia baileyi; upper Cambrian

First Evidence for Cambrian Glaciation Provided by Sections in Avalonian New Brunswick and Ireland--Additional Data for Avalon-Gondwana Separation by the Earliest Palaeozoic - E. Landing; MacGabhann, B. A. (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2010)
The first evidence for Cambrian glaciation is provided by two successions on the Avalon microcontinent. The middle lowest Cambrian (middle Terreneuvian Series and Fortunian Stage–Stage 2 boundary interval) has an incised sequence boundary overlain by a fluvial lowstand facies and higher, olive green, marine mudstone on Hanford Brook, southern New Brunswick. This succession in the lower Mystery Lake Member of the Chapel Island Formation may be related to melting of an ice sheet in Avalon. The evidence for this interpretation is a muddy diamictite with outsized (up to 10 cm in diameter), Proterozoic marble and basalt clasts that penetrated overlying laminae in the marine mudstone. That eustatic rise was associated with the mudstone deposition is suggested by an approximately coeval rise that deposited sediments with Watsonella crosbyi Zone fossils 650 km away in Avalonian eastern Newfoundland. A sea-level rise within the Watsonella crosbyi Chron, at ca. 535 Ma, may correspond to a unnamed negative 13C excursion younger than the basal Cambrian excursion (BACE) and the ZHUCE excursion in Stage 2 of the upper Terreneuvian Series. Cambrian dropstones are now also recognized on the northern (Gander) margin of Avalon in continental slope–rise sedimentary rocks in southeast Ireland. Although their age (Early–Middle Cambrian) is poorly constrained, dropstones in the Booley Bay Formation provide additional evidence for Cambrian glaciation on the Avalon microcontinent. Besides providing the first evidence of Cambrian glaciation, these dropstone deposits emphasize that Avalon was not part of or even latitudinally close to the terminal Ediacaran–Cambrian, tropical carbonate platform successions of West Gondwana.
Keywords: Booley Bay Formation; Cambrian; Chapel Island Formation; Diamictite; Glaciation; Ireland; Mystery Lake Member; New Brunswick; sequence stratigraphy

When the Phyla Came Marching In: Modern Marine Organisms Originate in the Cambrian Period - E. Landing (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: paleontology

A Cultural Resource Pre-Reconnaissance and Architectural Survey Report of PIN 1089.72.101, Proposed Expansion of the Intersection of George Street and Ann Street, Village of Fort Ann, Washington County, New York. - M. Lenardi; M.S. LoRusso (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Cultural Resource Site Examination Report of Burdick's Bridge Site, North Burdick Street Bridge Replacement, PIN 3753.76.121, Town of Manlius, Onondaga County, New York - M. Lenardi (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Cultural Resource Survey Report, Archaeological Reconnaissance of OGS-DOCS #41704, Improvement to the Firing Range, Fishkill Correctional Facility, City of Beacon, Town of Fishkill, Dutchess County, New York - M. Lenardi (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Monitoring Report for PIN 3005.13.101, Route 31C over Skaneateles Creek, Village of Elbridge, Town of Elbridge, Onondaga County, New York - M. Lenardi (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Survey Report for PIN 3805.44.121, Route 49 in the Town of Hastings, Oswego County, New York - M. Lenardi (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Towards Automating Artifact Analysis: A Study Showing Potential Application in Computer Vision and Morphometrics to Artifact Typology - M. Lenardi; D. E. Merwin (Morphometrics for Nonmorphometricians, 2010)
First released in 1961, William A. Ritchie’s A Typology and Nomenclature of New York State Projectile Points remains an influential resource for archaeologists working in the northeastern US. Ritchie examined a large and diverse sample of stone projectile points, but not all fit neatly into his typology. In this chapter, we propose that alternative approaches afforded by computer vision and morphometrics can shed light on this and other problems of traditional stone tool typology. With the advent of computer vision, we can now examine the entire morphological continuum of projectile points through statistical shape analysis. Following automated image capture, three analytical methods were evaluated using silhouette, outline, and landmark data. Biased free capture methods to record the form of an individual projectile point, together with using invariant shape descriptors to quantify the data, may result in more objective analysis than was possible in the past.
Keywords: computer vision; lithics typology; morphometrics; New York

Mining Periodic Behaviors for Moving Objects - Li, Z.; Ding, B.; Han, J.; R. W. Kays; Nye, P. (Proceedings of the 2010 ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD'10),, 2010)
Keywords: autocorrelation; fourier transform; hierarchical clustering; moving objects; observation spot; periodic behavior

MoveMine: Mining Moving Object Databases - Li, Z.; ji, M.; Lee, J.-G.; Tang, L.; Han, J.; R. W. Kays (International Conference on Management of Data, SIGMOD, 2010)
With the maturity of GPS, wireless, and Web technologies, increasing amounts of movement data collected from various moving objects, such as animals, vehicles, mobile devices, and climate radars, have become widely available. Analyzing such data has broad applications, e.g., in ecological study, vehicle control, mobile communication management, and climatological forecast. However, few data mining tools are available for flexible and scalable analysis of massive-scale moving object data. Our system, MoveMine, is designed for sophisticated moving object data mining by integrating several attractive functions including moving object pattern mining and trajectory mining. We explore the state-of-the-art and novel techniques at implementation of the selected functions. A user-friendly interface is provided to facilitate interactive exploration of mining results and flexible tuning of the underlying methods. Since MoveMine is tested on multiple kinds of real data sets, it will benefit users to carry out versatile analysis on these kinds of data. At the same time, it will benefit researchers to realize the importance and limitations of current techniques as well as the potential future studies in moving object data mining.
Keywords: data mining; movement data

Swarm: Mining Relaxed Temporal Moving Object Clusters - Li, Z.; Ding, B.; Han, J.; R. W. Kays (Proceedings of the 2010 Int. Conf. on Very Large Data Bases (VLDB'10), 2010)
Recent improvements in positioning technology make massive moving object data widely available. One important analysis is to find the moving objects that travel together. Existing methods put a strong constraint in defining moving object cluster, that they require the moving objects to stick together for consecutive timestamps. Our key observation is that the moving objects in a cluster may actually diverge temporarily and congregate at certain timestamps. Motivated by this, we propose the concept of swarm which captures the moving objects that move within arbitrary shape of clusters for certain timestamps that are possibly non-consecutive. The goal of our paper is to find all discriminative swarms, namely closed swarm. While the search space for closed swarms is prohibitively huge, we design a method, ObjectGrowth, to efficiently retrieve the answer. In ObjectGrowth, two effective pruning strategies are proposed to greatly reduce the search space and a novel closure checking rule is developed to report closed swarms on-the-fly. Empirical studies on the real data as well as large synthetic data demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our methods.
Keywords: animal tracking; positioning technology

Cultural Resources Survey Report for PIN 8463.15.101, Route 213/Snyder Boat Slip Culvert, Level II HAER Documentation, Town of Rosendale, Ulster County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Historic American Building Survey, Level II Documentation of Great Meadow Correctional Facility Power House (Building No. 3), Hamlet of Comstock, Town of Fort Ann, Washington County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources